教师资格证考试备考资料：四步搞定非谓语动词(2)

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　　原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上要用-ing.

　　The girl was left alone in the room, _______bitterly.

　　A. to cry

　　B. crying

　　C. cried

　　答案：B

　　原则三：用作结果状语时，一般可用-ing，表示出乎意料的结果是用不定式

　　The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance，_____ in the natural light during the day.

　　A. to let B. letting C. let D. having let

　　He hurried to the station, only ______ that the train had left.

　　A. to find B. finding

　　C. found D. to have found

　　答案：BA

　　原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。但是，如果所涉及的动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动式;如果所涉及的动作正在进行，则用-ing的被动式.

　　The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle _____.

　　A. to be heard B.to have heard

　　C. hearing D. being heard

　　【解析】根据句意，此处指的是“被听见”，故要用被 动式，因可排除B和 C。另外，由于“设法被听见”为目的状语，动作当时尚未发生，故用不定式，即选A。

　　原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致.

　　While watching television，_____.

　　A. the door bell rang

　　B. the doorbell rings

　　C. we heard the doorbell ring

　　D. we heard the doorbell rings

　　【解析】因为watching的逻辑主语一定是人，排除选项A和B;又因在hear后作宾补的是省略了to的不定式，所以选项D中的rings是错误的。即选C。

　　原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要用完成式(根据情况可用不定式的完成式或—ing的完成式)

　　_____ from other continents for millions of years，Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other countries in the world.

　　A. Being separated B.Having separated

　　C. Having been separated D.to be separated

　　【解析】因为Australia与separate是被动关系，且separate发生在谓语动词has之前，所以用-ing的完成被动式做原因状语。即选C。

　　原则七：用于名词后作定语时，原则是：用不定式，表示动作尚未发生;用-ing，表示动作正在进行;用过去分词，表示动作被动、完成。

　　—The last one _____ pays the meal.

　　—Agreed!

　　A.arrived B. arrives

　　C. to arrive D. arriving

　　【解析】受the first，the second ... the last修饰的名词或代词后原则上要用不定式作定语。即选C。

　　练一练

　　1.The next thing he saw was smoke ______ from behind the house.

　　A. rose B. rising C. to rise D. risen

　　2.The island, ______ to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.

　　A. joining B. to join C. joined D. having joined

　　3.Sarah pretended to be cheerful, ______nothing about the argument.

　　A. says B: said C. to say D. saying

　　4.It’s important for the figures _________ regularly.

　　A. to be updated B. to have been updated

　　C. to update D. to have updated

　　5.Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, ________ on your feet.

　　A. to keep B. keeping C. having kept D. to have kept

　　6.It’s no use ____________ without taking action.

　　A. complain B. complaining C. being complained D. to be complained

　　7.The rare fish, _____ from the cooking pot, has been returned to the sea.

　　A. saved B. saving C. to be saved D. having saved

　　8.At one point I made up my mind to talk to Uncle Sam. Then I changed my mind, ____ that he could do nothing to help.

　　A. to realize B. realized C. realizing D. being realized

　　9.Today we have chat rooms, text messaging, emailing… but we seem _____ the art of communicating face-to-face.

　　A. losing B. to be losing C. to be lost D. having lost

　　10.Look over there—there’s a very long, winding path______ up to the house.

　　A. leading B. leads C. led D. to lead

　　参考答案

　　1.B句中有主谓宾，主语为the next thing.谓语为was,宾语为smoke.可知填非谓语。非谓语做定语，不定式表将来，过去分词表示被动完成，现在分词表主 动进行。smoke与rise为主动关系，用现在分词，选B。

　　2.C判断为非谓语动词。island与join为被动关系，用过去分词。

　　3.D现在分词做状语，表伴随

　　4.A周期性更新数据很重要。被动关系，排除CD。现在完成时表示影响延续，句 中无此意，排除B

　　5.B现在分词做原因状语。不定式表示将来，排除AD。

　　6.B it's no use doing sth.排除AD。主动意义

　　7.A被救起，排除BD不定式表示将来，据语境，鱼已经被救起，排除。

　　8.C现在分词表原因。我刚下定决心和Sam叔叔谈一谈，但过了一会我就转变心意 了，因为我知道他也什么忙都帮不上。

　　9.Bseem to do sth排除AD.be losing正在失去。但似乎我们正慢慢失去面对面的说话艺术。

　　10.A非谓语做定语，现在分词表主动.有一条通向房屋的弯弯曲曲的小道。